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Insurgency overview Harakat al-Jihād al-Islāmi fi Filastīn (حركة الجهاد الإسلامي في فلسطين), also known The first archetype of the Awda and Shaqaqi organization, called al-Tāli'aʿ al-Islāmiyyah (the Islamic On October 7th 2023, PIJ and al-Qassam Brigades, the armed wing of Hamas, conducted the al-Aqsa Flood al-Islāmiyya (the Islamic Link) (2). In 2015 an Al-Quds University student member of al-Rābita al-Islāmiyya stabbed to death two Israelis

The PFLL itself was founded in 2016 and it remains one of the most vocal supporters of Saif al-Islam Al-Gaddafi, their current leader. In 2021, Saif Al-Gaddafi was cleared to run as a presidential candidate (13) and has since then been The PFLL, through Saif Al-Gaddafi’s personal wealth estimated at around 30 Billion USD, is likely to On the one hand, General Haftar himself has publicly declared no objections against Saif Al-Gaddafi’s

In modern Yemen, what is traditionally considered to be Hadhramaut is made up of three governorates: al-Mahrah Hadhramaut has largely not been exposed to Houthi-Government fighting, except for drone attacks on al-Dabba Founded in 2013 and operating in the aforementioned Eastern Yemeni governorates of al-Mahrah and Hadhramaut (town in al-Mahrah)’ (4). Habrish has a close relationship with Rashid al-Alimi, the chairman of the PLC.

Insurgency Overview The ‘Islamic Resistance Movement’ (also known as Hamas, or Ḥarakah al-Muqāwamah al-ʾIslāmiyyah Military Capabilities Hamas’ military wing, composed of the al-Qassam Brigades, may not direct specific In Telegram channels such as the Jenin Al Samoud news channel and the Al-Qassam Brigade channel, users This video shows fighters from the Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades (IQB) -- the military wing of Hamas In late 2022, following a meeting with Syrian president Bashar al-Assad, Hamas reportedly mended ties

Introduction The Lion’s Den group, in Arabic ‘Arīn al-Usūd, is a recently-formed militia which is active In February 2022, three operatives from this cell Muhammad al-Dakheel, Adham Mabrouka, and Abdalhakim The founder of the group was Muhammad al-Azizi (Abu Saleh) along with some friends who were part of the Wadi al-Houh, also a former member of Fatah’s al-Aqsa Martyrs brigades, took command after Al-Azizi’s and Wadi al-Houh’s death in an Israeli operation in October 2022 (3).

who eventually became the group’s first leader (Yassin-Kassab & Al-Shami, 2016). This includes Jaysh al-Nasr in Hama and Idlib, and Firqat 13 which solely operated in Idlib (Cafarella However, there are also FSA factions – such as Jaysh al-Thuwar – that are part of the Syrian Democratic Additionally, in the al-Tanf military base, an FSA faction formerly known as Maghawir al-Thawra works al-Hashimi al-Qurayshi.

Front, a coalition of several minority student unions at San Francisco State University (Navarro et al immigrants in California and other Southwestern states through peaceful protests and marches (Holmes et al the Black Panthers, they ran social programs such as food distribution and a free clinic (Navarro et al

Fezzan (South) and Tripolitania (West) have pledged their allegiance to ISIS and its leader, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi In a video from 2014, al-Baghdadi acknowledged the allegiance of these militant groups and declared them human rights abuses including the mass murder of 21 Coptic Christians who had been kidnapped in Sirte (Al One of these groups of Libyan fighters would in 2015 establish themselves as Katiba al-Bittar al-Libi Salem Brigade and they eventually declared all out war on any opposing groups in Derna (Cruickshank et al

the YBŞ or the Yekîneyên Berxwedana Sengalê, is an ethnic Yazidi militia which was formed in 2014 (Al-Tamimi into the regular Iraqi Armed Forces, and these units are formally designated as the 80th Regiment (Al-Tamimi Iraqi government, the YBS joined the Popular Mobilisation Forces, also known as the “80th Regiment” (Al-Tamimi the YBS and other associated groups declined, asserting that they had no affiliation with the PKK (Al-Tamimi is also a part of the Popular Mobilization Forces in a Unit designation known as the 80th Regiment (Al-Tamimi

Founded by cousins Mohammed and Hussein al-Houthi, the group set out to promote the Islamisc sect of Led by Hussein al-Houthi, the BY began increasing their anti-American protests, which troubled the Yemeni Al-Houthi went a step further in his teachings as well, and described jewish people as “the ones who In 2002, al-Houthi coined their infamous slogan of “ God is Great, Death to America, Death to Israel, Following the model of Hezbollah, the Houthis created their own television network, called ‘al-Masira

Introduction & Overview The Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order (Jaysh Rajal al-Tariqah al-Naqshbandia Hussein’s former right-hand man Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri became the leader of JRTN and had also joined Al-Douri had already been tasked with religious propaganda in the 1980s, and his role further increased Al-Douri, who went underground amid the collapse of the Baathist regime in 2003 following the US-led JRTN has their powerbase in northern Iraq, and it is possible that al-Douri, who was never apprehended

In 1970, Hafez al-Assad and his faction in the Syrian military were able to oust opponents and gained It is especially notable that by this time, Rifaat al-Assad, Syria’s leader Hafez al-Assad’s brother, government started cracking down on the Shabiha, with a major push for the repression coming from Bassel al-Assad After Bassel’s death, Bashar and Maher al-Assad continued the repression of the Shabiha throughout the